XYCOM?XVME-500/903
算法顯示模塊和控制算法組態(tài)
??? 該軟件向工程人員提供了一個(gè)圖形化的控制算法組態(tài)平臺(tái),工程人員可以根據(jù)實(shí)際工業(yè)過程,選用合適的控制算法,用圖形的方式,即選用算法顯示模塊,組成各種控制回路,然后將組態(tài)信息保存到組態(tài)文件中??刂扑惴ńM態(tài)的主界面如圖2所示。
圖2? 控制組態(tài)主界面
??? 圖2算法顯示模塊指的是對(duì)具體算法的抽象顯示。在圖形化組態(tài)界面上,每種具體的控制算法對(duì)應(yīng)一種算法顯示模塊,以方框圖的形式顯示,用戶只需用簡(jiǎn)單的鼠標(biāo)操作就能將指定的算法顯示模塊添加到指定的控制回路中,或刪除和修改參數(shù),從而完成控制算法的組態(tài)。其在控制組態(tài)界面中的顯示是帶有輸入輸出端子的矩形,圖3是一個(gè)加法顯示模塊的外觀及顯示說明:
圖3? 算法顯示模塊圖
??? 其中,模塊在回路中的編號(hào)只有在進(jìn)行過編譯且用戶確定后才正確顯示,編譯前不顯示。而模塊流水號(hào)只是在繪制過程中記錄的全局的模塊的id號(hào),它由系統(tǒng)自動(dòng)生成,用戶不能修改。
??? 設(shè)計(jì)控制組態(tài)仿真軟件的界面時(shí),主要是實(shí)現(xiàn)組態(tài)用到的算法顯示模塊、連線和文本注釋的繪制和顯示。從共性的角度考慮,決定將對(duì)算法模塊的實(shí)現(xiàn)用一個(gè)從cobject類派生的類cfunmod來統(tǒng)一實(shí)現(xiàn)和管理,在該類中設(shè)定標(biāo)志變量對(duì)具體的算法顯示模塊類型進(jìn)行區(qū)分,同時(shí)標(biāo)記該模塊的輸入輸出端子數(shù)目。連線使用從cobject類派生的類c
??? 為支持對(duì)算法顯示模塊和文本注釋的參數(shù)配置,需實(shí)現(xiàn)屬性對(duì)話框,這是很容易實(shí)現(xiàn)的。這樣,通過鼠標(biāo)雙擊算法模塊,彈出屬性對(duì)話框,用戶填入相應(yīng)的參數(shù),點(diǎn)擊確定保存即可。
??? 2.3 控制算法庫
??? 控制算法庫是整個(gè)系統(tǒng)仿真運(yùn)行的基石。系統(tǒng)中內(nèi)置了若干種控制算法。為了保證控制算法的可擴(kuò)展性和統(tǒng)一性,所有的控制算法實(shí)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)統(tǒng)一的接口,供算法運(yùn)行模塊調(diào)用。
??? 具體來講,是采用模塊化設(shè)計(jì)的思路,將dcs的控制算法分解成若干個(gè)功能獨(dú)立的、能分別設(shè)計(jì)、編碼和調(diào)試的算法模塊,組成控制算法庫。每個(gè)算法模塊完成的功能既明確又單純,從而使處理的問題局部化和簡(jiǎn)單化。算法模塊作為控制組態(tài)仿真軟件結(jié)構(gòu)中的基本元素,實(shí)際上就是完成一個(gè)特定算法功能的獨(dú)立程序。算法模塊的接口簡(jiǎn)明而又統(tǒng)一,且能彼此隔離和獨(dú)立。從用戶角度看來,控制算法庫中的各種控制算法都是完全一樣的,而且系統(tǒng)也是采用統(tǒng)一的接口對(duì)各種算法進(jìn)行調(diào)用的,用戶無需關(guān)心每個(gè)控制算法的具體實(shí)現(xiàn)細(xì)節(jié)。另外,用戶使用時(shí),只需對(duì)控制算法模塊的參數(shù)進(jìn)行修改,而無需修改算法模塊的代碼。
??? 將各算法編成獨(dú)立的可反復(fù)調(diào)用的算法模塊,對(duì)應(yīng)每一個(gè)功能模塊都有一個(gè)參數(shù)列表和輸入列表,系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行時(shí),控制調(diào)度程序依據(jù)這些信息,順序依次執(zhí)行。
??? 設(shè)計(jì)算法庫時(shí),先設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)算法基類cfunction,其中實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)虛函數(shù)fun,具體算法從該類中派生。在程序中,采用統(tǒng)一調(diào)用各算法模塊的fun函數(shù)的方法實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)控制算法的調(diào)用,這樣的接口簡(jiǎn)單明了。
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